Impact strategic

The ample development of EU policies and strategies, both past and present - the Mediterranean Agreement, Cotonou Partnership Agreement, Central Asia Strategy and the Black Sea Synergy - regards the world’s future built on stability, security, lasting development, cooperation, integration, democracy, and dialogue on prevent and manage the conflicts, as well as, supporting, together with UN, NATO, OSCE, and AU (African Union) the efforts of peace keeping on other continents.
Regarding Africa, the Portuguese Presidency of the European Council has proposed, this summer, a re-shape and redefinition of the Union’s strategy regarding the future of the Euro-African relations. It has also proposed a further development of the economic partnerships with all the African states, as well as an improved regional economic cooperation, of integration and trade. The Portuguese Presidency of the European Council has also proposed joint actions against poverty, and desertification, for food security, human rights, democracy and war against terrorism.
The new EU vision on its relations with Africa builds a bridge from a strategy of scattered relations to an amalgamated politic strategy, in accord with the present relations of the continent with the most severe security and development issues.
We have already underlined in our analysis the fact that the continuous present efforts of the successive presidencies of EU indicate a more decisive desire of the Union to solve the neighbouring problems. Through this different approach of the African problems, a new political horizon opens referring to an enlarged neighbouring, which includes spaces that add to the quality of an actor with new valences regarding EU global security.

The importance of the neoliberal paradigm in promoting security and cooperation in international relations - Leonida MOISE, PhD

The neoliberal paradigm brings about an alternative approach to the theory of international relations’ other dominant paradigm, the neorealism, by stating that the contemporary international system stands for a complex interdependence of all actors on the global stage, states and non-national entities alike, engaged in cooperative relations. The strategy of cooperation prevails, as it facilitates the accomplishment of the goals of all entities in the system and resorting to war to solve international conflicts is no longer a productive solution.

<<Back

A great Asia power - Japan. Military perspectives - Marina MUSCAN

Japan is aware that by accumulating military power it can generate a misgiving wave coming from the other countries in Asia. Therefore, Japan tried for a long period of time to avoid applying force in its political actions and initiated a conflict prevention policy in the region. The Japanese state wants a permanent place within the UN Security Council, counting on its contribution, which covers 20% of the UN’s budget that makes Japan the second largest contributor to UN’s financial resources.

Towards the Euro-Atlantic security integrations - Dario MATIKA, PhD

In order to reach the Euro-Atlantic security integration and to adapt to NATO standards, the Republic of Croatia is implementing the reform of defence sector. This paper briefly surveys the chronological development of Croatia’s national security system and achieved level of transformation in adaptation to the standards and rules valid in NATO and EU. There’s a brief description of conditions in which Croatian armed forces were developing, conducted reforms and the new structure of Croatia’s armed forces, which is based upon rational and realistic basis appropriate to needs and capabilities of the state.
The new direction of Croatia’s armed forces development abandons the concept of individual defence and adopts the concept of common defence and security. The new structure and dimensioning of the armed forces will enable a wider participation in operations which react to emergencies abroad (peace and humanitarian operations) as well as the participation in security and trust build-up and help to domestic civilian institutions. Thus, the Armed Forces of Republic of Croatia will be the instrument of actualization of international security and reliance inside the frame and rules of the Euro-Atlantic unions and international security organisations.

The originality of the European Commission in comparison with a national executive body - Mădălina Virginia ANTONESCU

This article tries to show the original legal nature of the European Commission, called in the academic literature as “a EU genuine government”, in comparison with an executive state body. There are analyzed different meanings of the “executive authority” concept, and also we try to identify, within the EU institutional body, the institutions endowed with executive competences that haven’t received the denomination of “government” as in a state. Can we speak about many de facto governments in the EU institutional framework or can we only admit the existence of the European Commission, as unique executive institution, a true “super-EU government”?

<<Back

The cooperation between the United Nations and the European Union for crisis resolution on the African continent - Dorel BUŞE, PhD

The UN cooperation with the European Union in crisis and conflict management in Africa is based on the provisions of Chapter VIII of the Charter and the EU-AU Agreements signed in 2000 in Cairo.
The creation of the African Union in July of 2002 and the founding of the Peace and Security Council (CPSAU) in February 2004 allowed for the hope that Africa can dispose of its own capabilities of crisis and conflict management and of peace forces that were more efficient that those ones of the former Organization of African Unity. As a mediator in the peace negotiations in Darfur, the African Union decided, on the July 16, 2004, to establish the African Mission in Darfur (AMIS) for the surveillance of the ceasefire. But the extent of the difficulties, as well as that of the AMIS mandate, evolved rapidly.

The strategy, the operative and tactical art in the context of the future security policy - Constantin MOŞTOFLEI, PhD

The approach is based on an implicit and explicit paradigm, on a model accepted by the most Romanian and foreign theoreticians and practitioners.

Sense and significance in bringing up to date the definition of security through cooperation - Ioan GRECU

Security through cooperation is a long-debated topic lately. Especially after the end of the Cold War, it has become a major concern of all the interested leaders or the ones responsible for the humankind’s present and future and therefore occupies a privileged place on the international relations’ agenda.
The practical successes – as Romania is an exponent and example of achieving security through cooperation – have overcome the theoretical approaches and the conceptual development.
Although there is no consistent definition, one to be unanimously accepted, the security through cooperation term has gained lately lots of meanings and significances.
The meanings and significances used both by the Western and the Romanian literature investigate the topic and increase the utility of the conceptual fundament for analysts, strategists, researchers but especially for the decision-makers involved in foreign affairs, security and defence.

<<Back

War in the age of globalization - Mihai CR ĂCIUN

Everyone knows how the Second World War was fought, what military techniques were used, what strategies were implemented, etc. For sixty years, since the war ended, the technical means to wage war have greatly improved, new strategies were developed, the “great armies”(numerically speaking) disappeared, more efficient ways of mobilization and demobilization were elaborated, even the pretexts used for starting a war evolved. The most important pretext of war in the 21st century is international terrorism. Under this threat’s “umbrella”, the major world powers hold the right to intervene military in any country on the planet, ensuring, among other things, their access to strategic energy resources, which represent the economic engine of the beginning of this century and millennium. Even if the world is in full globalization process, it doesn’t mean that military confrontations between countries will cease to exist.

La guerre globale contre le terrorisme et ses consequences pour les relations transatlantiques - Jan EICHLER, PhD

Aujourd’hui, le terrorisme représente un phénomène global. C’est pourquoi la lutte contre lui doit être mené de tous les pays du monde. Pourtant, „la réponse” donnent aux attentats terroristes doit être l’un adéquat a la situation et non le produit de l’affectivité des uns dirigeants des Etats. Les effets des erreurs faits quant au combat contre le terrorisme global, après les attentats du 11.09.2001, ressentiraient pendant le temps par tout le monde.

Terrorisme international et mass media - Petre DUŢU, PhD

Le terrorisme international représente une d’entre menaces les plus sérieuses en matière de sécurité. Il fait connu son présence, dans le monde, par une large gamme de méthodes, tant violentes (attentats) que non violente (communiques, revendications, jugements, exhortation au recrutement).
Les media, accomplissement ses rôles en société, implicitement, deviennent l’un d’entre vecteurs parmi lequel les actes terroristes sont connus d’un large public.
Ainsi, on peut parler d’un impact significatif du terrorisme international sur les mass media.

<<Back

The relations between Romanian state and state-owned communications - Marcel OPRIŞ

The Romanian society is nowadays subject to deep political, economic, social and cultural transformations, and this set of transformations obviously influences the everyday life.
The alteration of a social organization by means of changing political regime, i.e. the transition from a type of society ruled, coordinated and supervised in a totalitarian way, to one essentially based on self-government, freedom of speech and democratic organization, where the state, having a well-integrated separation of powers, has nothing but a coordinating and political role, the only means to intervene being its own coercion power which is to be applied in clearly-cut and defined situations, was a major social evolution process that did not occur all at once, as human society first had to learn how to apply the new ‘rules of the game’, i. e. new concepts, fundamentals and ideas.
According to its development level, objectives and difficulties of transition from a type of social organization to another, Romania has been focusing all this time on the essence of concerted reforms aimed at improving its stability, reform stage, and integration level required by the latest political, economic and social trends at international level.
At the same time, the inherent transformations of a society undergoing transition process have overlapped the structural changes in vision, regarding the way people communicate among themselves. Nowadays we can therefore talk about the so-called ‘Information Science Society’ which is a knowledge-based one.
In order to particularize Romania’s case within the current context, this type of society will definitely depend upon the country’s performances in terms of its critical infrastructures, such as its electric power production, transportation and distribution systems, telecommunication systems, banking system, its airline, naval, railway and road systems, that will be more and more available to wide access both within and outside national borders, and will also have a paramount role in redefining Romania’s national security doctrine.
The telecommunications area has been lying within these evolutions, this field being determined by an unprecedented development rhythm in Romania, with the fastest growth represented by IT. At present, the two concepts are in a clear interdependence and complementary stage, (in certain sub-domains the two are even about to overlap), as they have been created to cover one of our society’s fundamental needs: the need for communication.
In this respect, state-owned communications hold an important role and a particular one - due to the concept developed.

<<Back

Is there a viable solution for Kosovo? - Constantin-Gheorghe BALABAN, PhD

Two years of negotiations didn’t allow to find a solution for the final status of Kosovo, a Serbian province with a majority Albanian population under UN administration since 1999.
The Albanians in Kosovo have given notice of declaring their independence immediately after the 10th of December, a solution encouraged by the United States and the most of the EU states. The officials in Belgrade contest the idea of granting the independence to Kosovo promoted by the United States, and the Serbian arguments are based on the international law principles, sanctioned in the UN Charter. Russia, as the traditional ally of Serbia, supports it on its attempt to keep control over this province. However, there are increasingly more signals according to which Serbia actually is focusing on the actions it must undertake if Kosovo will unilaterally declare its independence, with the support of some Western powers.
The European Ministers of Foreign Affairs are in course of assessing, at Brussels, the situation after the legislative elections in Kosovo, and requesting the leaders from Pristina not to hasten in giving an unilateral independence declaration.
The last round, considered as decisive, having taken place at Baden, close to Vienna, under mediation of the troika composed of the USA, Russia and EU representatives, brought no great hopes on the future of the province.

The implications of Russia’s Moratorium of the CFE Treaty - Federico BORDONARO, PhD

In November 7, Russia’s lower house of Parliament - the State Duma - unanimously approved President Vladimir Putin’s bill to suspend Moscow’s participation in the Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty, although neither the original nor the amended version of the accord allows for suspension. According to a November 13 report from RIA-Novosti, “The moratorium is set to come into effect on December 12, after final approval by the upper house of parliament, expected to vote on the issue on November 16, and President Vladimir Putin”.
Russia has, therefore, put into practice what it had threatened to do on April 26, 2007. On that day, during the annual state-of-the-nation address, Putin announced that Russia would impose a “moratorium” on the CFE Treaty if all NATO members failed to ratify the Treaty’s modified 1999 version. Moscow points out the fact that Russia is one of the few countries that have ratified the revised accords, together with Kazakhstan, Belarus, and Ukraine. It also stresses the fact that Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania -- now NATO members -- still have not ratified either versions of the CFE Treaty.

<<Back